/Cr有着很高的敏感性和特异性,是评价膀胱癌恶性度和进展以及估测预后的敏感指标。
通过本实验尿Fn和Fn/Cr阳性率的比较也可以看出,经过尿肌酐的纠正,Fn/Cr检测膀胱癌的敏感性和特异性均有所增高。但亦有资料显示[10],在纠正前尿Fn和Fn/Cr的敏感性和特异性分别为80%和74.7%,纠正后为70%和84.9%,纠正后特异性增高,而敏感性降低。我们考虑出现此结果可能是与不同个体差异,尤其是与肾功能有关。故建议检测膀胱癌应该尿Fn含量和Fn/Cr同时进行分析。
近三年来尿Fn在临床应用的文献报道较少,我们认为,尿Fn标准值的不一致性可能是各个实验组中肿瘤患者占有的比例差异较大所致,使得尿Fn、Fn/Cr在临床的应用受到限制。本实验以250μg/L和62mg/mol为尿Fn含量和Fn/Cr的临界值,测得敏感性及特异性分别为78.2%、76.2%和81.8%、79.4%。结合有关文献,我们分析了假阳性的构成,通常出现在以下几种情况:(1)BPH和前列腺癌;(2)尿石症;(3)泌尿系感染和性病;(4)肾小球及肾小管慢性病变;(5)膀胱癌术后膀胱灌注患者;(6)其它泌尿系癌。本实验也证实了以上报道。因此,临床上在应用尿Fn诊断膀胱癌时须注意鉴别。
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