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中国中小学生皮褶厚度与体成分研究 |
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中国学生体质健康调研组
【摘要】 目的 分析中国中小学生皮褶厚度和体成分发育规律和特点。方法 抽样测量13省市82 921名7~18岁学生肱三头肌和肩胛下皮褶厚度(两处皮褶厚度),利用长岭和Brozek公式估测体成分。结果 男生肱三头肌皮褶厚度在11岁达高峰(10.9 mm),其后逐步下降。肩胛下皮褶厚度自7岁时的5.7 mm迅速上升到12岁时的8.7 mm;其后增速减缓,18岁达10.8 mm。女生两处皮褶厚度分别自7岁起的8.9 mm和6.0 mm持续上升到18岁时的17.0 mm和16.5 mm,尤其青春后期增幅显著。男生体脂比自7岁时的14.0%逐步上升,10~14岁期间维持在16.1%~17.6%的相对高水平;突增高峰后下降明显,15~18岁时仅约为13%。女生的体脂比自7岁时的19.6%上升到12岁时的23.0%,到18岁时达到25.6%,在所有年龄组都显著高于男生。男女生的瘦体重量均随年龄增长呈上升趋势,但男女性别差异随年龄增长逐步扩大,7岁时男生较女生高12.1%,14岁时高16.8%,18岁时高34.0%。各群体间在皮褶厚度上存在地区、城乡、社会经济状况的差异。建立了中国7~18岁中小学生两处皮褶厚度之和参照值。我国学生的P50水平明显低于日本学生,提示我国学生目前的总体体脂水平并不高,但在P90、P95、P97等高百分位数上与日本差异很小,说明部分中国学生的皮下脂肪累积程度已很高。结论 预防中小学生肥胖应逐步成为今后学校卫生工作的重大课题。本研究建立的两处皮褶厚度正常参照值能较好地覆盖不同群体间差异,可作为筛查学生肥胖的重要依据。 【关键词】 皮肤壁厚度; 身体成分; 青春期; 学生
Study on the measurement of skinfold thickness and estimation of body composition in Chinese primary and secondary school students
China′s National Group on Students′ Constitution and Health Survey,Corresponding author: JI Chengye (Institute for Child and Adolescent Health, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083,China)
【Abstract】 Objective To determine the patterns and characteristics of skinfold thickness and body composition of Chinese primary and secondary school students. Methods 82 921 Han youths aged 7 through 18 were randomly selected from 13 provinces. Their biceps and subscapular skinfolds were measured and the body compositions were estimated by using Changling′s and Brozek′s models. Results In boys, the biceps skinfolds reached the top of 10.9 mm, and then gradually decreased. The subscapular skinfolds increased rapidly from 5.7 mm in aged 7 to 8.7 mm in aged 12, and then slowly increased to 10.8 mm in aged 18. The biceps and subscapular skinfolds of girls gradually increased from 8.9 mm and 6.0 mm in aged 7, to 17.0 mm and 16.5 mm in aged 18, respectively. Their increments were especially large during the post-puberty period. The percentage of [1] [2] [3] 下一页 上一个医学论文: 氟对骨形态发生蛋白的直接作用 下一个医学论文: 江门市中小学生伤害干预措施的综合评价
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