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高胆固醇诱发 Oddi括约肌功能紊乱实验研究 |
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e “valve” segment of both experimental groups (138.4±45.5 mmHg and 144.5±40.4 mmHg, respectively) were significantly higher than those of control group (69.3±9.8 mmHg, P＜0.01 and P＜0.01). The gallbladder volumes of experimental group I and II (3.4±1.0 mL and 3.9±1.9 mL) were significantly larger than those of control group (2.0±1.9 mL, P＜0.05 and P＜ 0.01). Between groups there were no significant differences in nitric oxide synthase contents. Enlargement of the cell volume, wavy distortion of the cell membrane, loosening and disarrangement of myofilament, uneven in size and distribution of dense body, angulation of longitudinal axis between dense body and myofilament, swelling, congregated at one end of nucleolus and disappearance of cristae of plasmosomes and concentration of chromosome at nucleolus margin were observed in experimental groups under electron-microscope. CONCLUSION: The diastole function of Oddi's sphincter could be damaged by hypercholesterolemia, inducing a functional disorder of Oddi's sphincter with increased resistance in bile excretion. The result is retention of bile in the gallbladder.
［MeSH］ Cholesterol; Oddi's sphincter; Microscope, electron
胆管Oddi括约肌功能紊乱(sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, SOD)的报告始见于胆囊切除术后的病人。由于病因不明，在排除炎症、结石、狭窄等器质性病变后，又将其称为胆囊术后综合征。随着经内镜逆行插管测压技术的应用，目前认为SOD最重要的改变为胆管Oddi括约肌(sphincter of Oddi, SO)基础压升高，并将其做为SOD诊断的金标准［1］。根据进一步研究，有作者［1、2］推测SOD不仅仅发生于胆囊切除术后的病人，认为在胆囊切除前可能就已经存在SOD。虽然1997年Szilvassy等［3］发现并首先报道临床证实的1例高胆固醇及高甘油三脂血症伴有SO功能异常的病例，但到目前为止尚无动物模型及组织形态学观察证实这一观点。
胆囊胆汁淤积是胆囊结石形成的重要先决条件。根据解剖结构特征，胆管SO是胆囊及肝胆汁排泄的唯一通道，显然胆囊胆汁淤积与胆管SO功能状态有着直接关系。为了探讨在胆囊胆固醇结石形成前胆管SO的运动功能特征，我们用兔复制高胆固醇血症模型，观察高胆固醇血症作用下胆管SO影像功能变化及组织形态改变与胆囊淤胆间的关系。
材 料 和 方 法
一、动物模型复制及判断标准
纯种新西兰兔24只，3～4个月龄，体重2.0～2.5 kg，购自本校动物实验中心。随机分为3组，每组8只。对照组：标准饲料；实验Ⅰ组：标准饲料+胆固醇喂养4周；实验Ⅱ组：标准饲料+胆固醇喂养8周。胆固醇(长沙生物化学制药厂，纯度98%，磷脂含量0.1%)每日1.0 g混入饲料中，喂6 d后停饲1 d。
实验开始前测定兔血清总胆固醇含量，以血清胆固醇＜3上一页 [1] [2] [3] 下一页
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