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毛果芸香碱治疗精神药物所致口干的临床对照研究 |
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王祖承 沈晓玲 徐鹤定
摘 要 目的： 了解国产毛果芸香碱(瑞尔欣)治疗精神药物所致口干的疗效和不良反应。 方法： 精神药物所致口干75例， 前60例病人分为两组， 每组男女病人各15例， 采用随机双盲对照方法分别给予毛果芸香碱(2.5 mg/片)或外形相同的安慰剂(淀粉)2片， 口服tid， 连用28 d。 另15例病人同样方法予毛果芸香碱开放治疗。 结果： 毛果芸香碱总有效率为77.8%， 安慰剂组自然有效率为26.7%； 组间比较， P<0.01。 不良反应有窦缓， 出汗， 流泪和视物模糊。 结论： 本药对精神药物所致口干安全有效。
关键词 毛果芸香碱 瑞尔欣 安慰剂 精神药物 口干
A Controlled Clinical Study of Pilocarpine Nitrate in the Treatment of Dry Mouth Caused by Psychotropic Drugs
Wang Zucheng,Shen Xiaoling,Xu Heding
Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai 200030,P.R.China
ABSTRACT To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pilocarpine nitrate in the treatment of d ry mouth resulting from psychotropic drugs were studied.60 patients were divided into two groups, with each group having 15 male patients and 15 female patients .By using the double-blind controlled method,patients were randomly assigned to treatment group taking either 2 tablets of pilocarpine nitrate(2.5 mg/table t) or control group receiving 2 tablets of placeboes.The pilocarpine tablet and placebos were orally given,with a dosage of 3 times a day for 28 days.The placeb oes were of the appearance similar to that of pilocarpine nitrate.The rest 15 pa tients were enrolled in the open trial by using the same method.Results showde t hat there was a statistically significant difference between two groups (P＜ 0.01)，with a totl effective rate of 77.8% in pilocarpine nitrate-treat ed group and the natural effective rate of 26.7% in placebo-treated group.T he side effects of pilocarpine nitrate included sinus bradycardia, sweating, lac rimation and blurred vision.Our study showed that pilocarpine nitrate is effecti ve and safe in the treatment of dry mouth caused by psychotropic drugs.
KEY WORDS Pilocarpine nitrate; Placebo; Psychotropic drug; Dry mouth
精神药物因其阻断M胆碱能受体作用引起口干， 这在临床上颇为常见， 且缺乏有效的治疗手段， 影响了病人服药的依从性。 国内仅对茴三硫治疗药物性口干有过报道［1～3］。 毛果芸香碱为M胆碱能受体激动剂， 作用于副交感神经节后纤维支配效应器的M受体， 产生拟胆碱作用， 使内脏[1] [2] 下一页
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