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砷对大鼠的致畸作用 |
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李勇1 朱惠刚1 潘漪清2 张天宝3
【摘要】 目的 进一步阐明砷对母体、胎儿、胚胎细胞的影响和验证体外
致畸作用。方法 用大鼠体内致畸法并结合扫描电镜、组织化学等技术深入探讨
了砷的发育毒性和机制。结果 As2O3的各剂量组(0，1，4和10 mg/kg)均未见母
鼠有明显的中毒症状和死亡；胎鼠死亡率分别为10.2%，17.4%，24.8%和61.1%；
骨骼畸形率为1.89%，3.12%，17.28%和78.57%；染毒48小时后的胚胎畸形率分别
为3.16%，5.32%，13.79%和40.48%；扫描电镜观察可见多部位的胚胎表皮细胞受
损，细胞表面和细胞连接处出现大小不一的空洞；胚胎畸形表现是神经管未闭、
体位异常、肢芽小等；诱生型一氧化氮合成酶组化检查率先证明一氧化氮与胚胎
发育异常关系密切，呈明显剂量-反应关系；活体染色表明砷能诱发肢芽细胞过度
凋亡；从多角度分析了砷的致畸机理。结论 大鼠体内试验证实，砷在胚胎生长
发育过程中有致畸作用。
【关键词】 砷 致畸剂
Teratogenic Effects of Arsenic on Rats Li Yong*, Zhu Huigang, Pan Yiqing, et al.
*Department of Environmental Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200032
【Abstract】 Objective To further clarify the effects of arsenic on pregnant rats,
fetuses, fetal cells and to verify the experimental results in vitro, and to study the developmental
toxicity and its mechanism of arsenic in depth. Methods Teratogenic methods in vivo
combined with scanning electron microscopy and histochemical techniques were used in rats.
Results No apparently toxic symptoms or deaths were observed in rats exposed to various
doses of arsenic trioxide of 0, 1, 4 and 10 mg/kg. Fetal death rates in rats were 10.2%,
17.4%, 24.8% and 61.1%, proportions of skeletal deformity were 1.89%, 3.12%, 17.28%
and 78.57%, and embryo deformity rates were 3.16%, 5.32%, 13.79% and 40.48% 48
hours after exposure, respectively for those exposed to various doses of arsenic. Damage in
fetal epidermal cells and cavities of different size between cell surface and cell junction in
multiple sites could be seen under scanning microscope. Dysrhaphia, body anomalies and
small limb bud, etc. were main manifestation of embryo deformity. There was a close relationship
between nitric oxide and anomalies in fetal development, with a dose-response pattern, showed
by inducible nitr[1] [2] [3] 下一页
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