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遗传工程微生物细胞间发生的自然遗传转化 |
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陈琪 陈向东 谢志雄 沈萍
摘 要:将两株具有不同遗传标记的枯草芽孢杆菌在基本培养基中分别培养至对数生长后期后进行短时间混合静置培养,经选择平板筛选、DNaseI敏感性试验、质粒检测和产蛋白酶活性检测,发现两菌株之间可通过自然遗传转化进行染色体DNA和质粒DNA的交换。研究结果表明,自然遗传转化可在细胞间进行,这对揭示微生物群居的自然环境中可能存在的细胞间的DNA转移,以及正确评估遗传工程微生物(GEMs)的安全使用具有重要意义。 关键词:遗传工程微生物;细胞间自然遗传转化;重组质粒;枯草芽孢杆菌 分类号:Q933 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0253-9772(2000)03-0140-04
Intercelluar Natural Genetic Transformation of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms
CHEN Qi,CHEN Xiangdong,XIE Zhixiong,SHEN Ping (College of Life Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
Abstract:The culture fluids of two genetically distinct Bacillus subtilis strains were mixed and coincubated for a short time after they reached postexponentially growth phase in minimal media.The steadily bidirectional gene transfer involving chromosomal DNA and plasmid DNA by natural genetic transformation between these two strains has been demonstrated by the methods of selective medium screening,DNaseI sensitivity test,plasmid detection and the detection of the capability of producing protease.This result indicates that natural genetic transformation occurs not only between“naked”DNA and cells but also between cells.This conclusion is significant in the assessment of both the possibility of intercelluar DNA transfer in natural habitats of microorganisms and the risk of the application of genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs). Key words:genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs);intercelluar natural genetic transformation;recombinant plasmid;Bacillus subtilis
自然遗传转化(natural genetic transformation)是指同源或异源的“裸露”DNA分子被自然感受态细胞主动摄取,并得到表达的水平基因转移过程。在传统上,在实验室进行的自然遗传转化多采用提取的游离DNA,对转化的研究也历来只以受体为主体,一般不涉及DNA供体以及供体、受体细胞间的接触〔1,2〕。自20世纪80年代以来,随着遗传工程微生物(genetically engineered microorganisms,以下简称GEMs)在农业、工业、医药和环境技术中日益广泛的应用,带有重组DNA的微生物被人为释放到环境中,出于重组DNA有可能通过细菌间的基因水平交换方式进行不受控制的水平转移并造成有害生态后果的担心,人们开始关注环境中发生的自然遗传转化〔1,3〕。近年来对自然界中转化DNA的来源及其对转化过程影响的研究表明[1] [2] [3] 下一页 上一个医学论文: 泽蛙 日本林蛙 饰纹姬蛙不同地理居群的核型多样性 下一个医学论文: 马铃薯天冬氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂基因转化烟草研究
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