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革兰阴性杆菌对抗生素敏感性及产 |
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官兰 吴瑾 胡文芝 魏殿军 郑东钧 宋诗铎
【摘要】 目的 了解常见菌对常用抗生素的敏感性及产β-内酰胺酶的情况。方法 采用微量肉汤稀释及纸片法测定了197株革兰阴性杆菌对14种抗生素的敏感性，并进行了β-内酰胺酶的研究。结果 197株革兰阴性杆菌对14种抗生素的敏感率为：伊米配能-西司他丁98%，丁胺卡那霉素90%，头孢他啶89%，头孢哌酮-舒巴坦88%，头孢哌酮86%，妥布霉素81%，其余均＜80%。细菌产β-内酰胺酶的检出率，大肠杆菌为54%；绿脓杆菌为42%，克雷白菌属为29%，其余细菌均＜20%。此外，还发现4株菌产生了能水解第三代头孢菌素的酶。结论 伊米配能-西司他丁、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢他啶及头孢哌酮-舒巴坦的抗菌活性最强，覆盖率最广。产酶株主要分布在大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌。其敏感性明显低于非产酶株。
【关键词】 抗生素类 革兰氏阴性菌 β-内酰胺酶类
Gram-negative bacteria: its sensitivity to antibiotics and production of β-lactamase Guan Lan, Wu Jin, Hu Wenzhi, et al. Institute of Infectious Diseases, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211
【Abstract】 Objective To detect the sensitivity of common bacteria to antibiotics and the production of β-lactamase. Methods 197 clinical bacterial isolates were collected. The sensitivity to 14 antibiotics was determined by microdilution method with MH broth but that to imipenem-cilastatin was determined by agar diffusion method. Penicillinase and cephalosporinase were detected by emzyme-detecting discs. The inducible class I β-lactamase was shown by double-disc test. β-lactamase was isolated and assayed in 11 isolates. Results Among the 14 antibiotics, imipenem-cilastatin, amikacin, ceftazidime and sulbactam-cefoperazone showed a very good antibacterial activity against most gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae and P.aeruginosa. Ciprofloxacin also showed a good activity against most gram-negative bacteria but E.coli. Ampicillin showed a quite low activity. The penicillinase-producing rate and cephalosporinase-producing rate were 21% and 28%, respectively. These β-lactamase-producing strains were mostly found in E.coli and P.aeruginosa. These cephalosporinase-producing isolates showed higher resistant rates to many cephalosporins except the imipenem-cilastatin, ceftazidime and sulbactam-cefoperazone. The inducible class I β-lactamase was mostly foun[1] [2] [3] 下一页
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