【摘要】 目的 了解WT1基因(Wilms’tumor gene)与急性白血病缓解后微小残留病灶的关系。方法 应用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法检测了急性白血病(AL)及慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)中WT1基因不同剪接体的表达情况。结果 AL中WT1基因阳性表达率为50%, CML中WT1基因阳性表达率为40%,正常人无WT1基因表达,WT1基因4种剪接体的表达水平相近。结论 WT1基因在白血病中呈较高表达,其结果可作为白血病残留病灶检测的指标。
【关键词】 急性白血病;WT1基因;微小残留病灶
Molecular biological measurement of minimal residual disease in patients with acute leukemia after complete remission
CHEN Yan,LI Jing-lan.
Department of Internal Medicine,Huanhu Hospital of Tianjin,Tianjin 300060,China
【Abstract】 Objective Expression of the Wilms’tumor gene(WT1)was studied in patients with acute leukemia after complete remission.Methods By using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),the expression of WT1 gene in patients with acute leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia were detected.Results The positive expression rate of WT1 gene was 50.0% in patients with acute leukemia(AL).The positive expression rate of WT1 gene was 40.0% in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).WT1 gene was not detected in normal control.The positive rate of WT1 gene’s splice variant in AL were different,but these had not significantly different each other.Conclusion WT1 gene is frequently expressed in leukemia,it would be a useful marker for the detection of minimal residual disease(MRD) in leukemia.
【Key words】 acute leukemia;WT1 gene;minimal residual diseAse
WT1基因是由于对遗传性肾胚胎肿瘤(Wilms’ tumor)的分子遗传学研究而发现的。1990年Call等克隆了此相关基因的cDNA,命名为Wilms’瘤基因I(WT1)[1]。WT1基因通过两种可变剪接形式产生4种mRNA剪接体[2]。第一种可变剪接体为第5外显子中51bp(剪接变体Ⅰ),编码17个氨基酸的片断;第二种可变剪接体为第9外显子中9bp(剪接变体Ⅱ),编码由赖氨酸-苏氨酸-丝氨酸(KTS)组成的氨基酸片断。经不同剪接WT1基因可产生4种长约3.5Kb的mRNA,4种剪接体分别是:(1)无剪接变体存在;(2)仅存在剪接变体Ⅰ;(3)仅存在剪接变体Ⅱ;(4)两种剪接变体均存在。新近研究发现WT1基因在多种类型急性白血病中有异常的高表达,而在正常骨髓及外周血中表达很低或不表达[3,4]。笔者根据WT1两种剪接变体存在与否设计引物,应用RT-PCR方法检测了处于急性白血病(AL)不同病程的患者WT1基因表达的情况,试图揭示WT1基因不同剪接体与AL不同病程的关系。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 选择天津市第一中心医院收治的住院及门诊患者52例。其中AL 42例:初治组16例,其中AML(急性髓细胞白血病)11例,ALL(急性淋巴细胞白血病)5例,平均年龄37.6岁(4~
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