非语言交流在心脏术后建立人工气道患者中的应用研究

侯明君　叶江洪　顾晖

摘要：目的　评价非语言交流方式对心脏手术后建立人工气道患者进行护患交流和沟通的适用性和满意度。方法　采用规范化手势语、图片卡、写字板、摇铃四种非语言交流方式对337例心脏手术后建立人工气道(气管插管及气管切开) 患者进行护患交流和沟通。结果　手势语适用于各层次患者, 满意率为96.02%; 图片卡主要适用于文盲或半文盲和听不懂普通话的患者, 满意率为94.25%; 写字板则主要适用于有一定文化水平的患者, 满意率为84.81%; 而摇铃主要作为年老体弱患者需要非语言交流的信号, 满意率为97.37%。总体满意率为93.11%。结论　非语言交流是心脏术后建立人工气道患者监护中护患之间重要而有效的沟通方式。
关键词：非语言交流; 心脏手术; 人工气道
中图分类号：R473.6　　文献标识码：A　　文章编号：1008-9993(2000)04-0001-03

Application of Non-language Communication in Nursing Patients with Artificial Airway after Cardiac Surgery

HOU Ming-jun, YE Jiang-hong, GU Hui
(Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433,China)

Abstract：Objective　To evaluate the suitability and the satisfaction rate of non-language communication in nursing patients with artificial airway (endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy) after cardiac surgery. Methods　Four non-language communication ways (i.e. standardized sign language, picture cards, writing boards and bell ringing) were used in 337 patients with artificial airway after cardiac surgery.Results　Sign language was suitable for all patients with a satisfaction rate of 96.02%. Picture cards were mainly used in the illiterate or semiliterate patients and those who did not understand Putonghua, giving a satisfaction rate of 94.25%. Writing boards were mainly suitable for the educated patients with a satisfaction rate of 84.81%. Bell ringing, as a signal of non-language communication, was especially prepared for the senile and infirm patients, with a satisfaction rate of 97.37%. The overall satisfaction rate was 93.11%.Conclusion　 Non-language communication is an important and effective interchange means between nurses and patients with artificial airway after cardiac surgery.
Key words：non-language communication; cardiac surgery； artificial airway

　 心脏手术患者，在术后早期大多需行气管插管机械辅助通气，还有少数患者因心肺功能不全需长时间气管插管或气管切开予呼吸机支持呼吸，因而不能用语言和医护人员交流来表达或反映自己的意

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