【摘要】 目的探讨心理护理结合生物反馈治疗焦虑症的疗效。方法 将焦虑症患者按随机分组法分为心理护理结合生物反馈组(41例)和心理护理组(40例),观察6周,分别于治疗前及治疗后第2、6周采用汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评定两组临床疗效。结果 观察组治疗后2、6周末HAMA评分均较治疗前显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),而对照组治疗6周末差异有显著性(P<0.01);治疗6周末两组间评分差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论 两组方法治疗焦虑症均有显著疗效,心理护理结合生物反馈的效果优于单纯心理护理,且可明显缩短疗程,减少医疗开支。
【关键词】 焦虑症;生物反馈;心理护理
【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical effect of psychological nursing combined with biofeedback in the treatment of anxiety disorder.Methods Patients with anxiety disorder were randomly divided into psychological nursing combined with biofeedback group(n=41)and psychological nursing group(n=40)and observed for six weeks.The effects of the two groups were evaluated with Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)before treatment,2 and 6 weeks after treatment respectively.Results The HAMA score 2 or 6 week after the treatment was significantly lower than that before the treatment in the observation group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the HAMA score 6 week after the treatment was significantly different from that before the treatment in the control group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference of the scores between the two groups after 6 weeks treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion Both therapies are effective in the treatment of anxiety disorder.Psychological nursing combined with biofeedback has better effect than simple psychological nursing,which can shorten course of treatment and decrease medical expenses.
【Key words】 Anxiety disorder;Biofeedback;Psychological nursing
焦虑性神经症是一种以广泛性、持续性焦虑或反复发作惊恐不安为主要特征的一种疾病,常伴有自主神经功能紊乱、肌肉紧张与坐卧不安,临床上分为惊恐障碍和广泛性焦虑两种。该病有一定的人格基础,起病常受心理社会(环境) 因素影响,且病人对存在的症状感到痛苦和无能为力,病程多迁延[1]。对住院的焦虑症病人进行心理护理可提高药物的疗效,促进疾病的康复。生物反馈疗法是20世纪60年代末在国外兴起的一种新的行为治疗方法。由于使用精密的仪器,人们可以及时地得到体内心理、生理过程的信息,通过训练能学会控制、调节身体的生理功能而达到防治疾病的目的。生物反馈疗法能明显减轻焦虑,降低应激水平,可用于各种神经症的治疗,尤其对以焦虑为主要表现的神经症有较好的疗效[2]。通过临床实践发现,心理护理结合生物反馈治疗对于促进焦虑症病人的康复比单纯性心理护理效果更为显著,具体报告如下。
1 临床资料
选择我院心理科病房2007年3月~2008年12月收住的符合《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准》第3版(CCMD-3)诊断
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