临床护理路径在肾穿刺活检术中的应用

　　【摘要】 [目的]探讨临床护理路径在肾穿刺活检术中的应用效果。[方法]将202例需做肾穿刺活检术以明确诊断病人随机分为观察组和对照组，每组101例，对照组采用传统护理模式，观察组采取临床护理路径模式。观察并比较两组病人的住院天数、住院费用、肾穿刺活检术后并发症及不良反应的发生情况。[结果]观察组病人住院天数、住院费用均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组发生并发症或不良反应7例，对照组45例，两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]在肾穿刺活检术中实施临床护理路径管理，可缩短病人的住院时间，降低医疗成本，减少术后并发症及不良反应。

　　【关键词】 临床路径护理;肾穿刺活检术;并发症;不良反应

　　Abstract Objective: To probe into the application effect of clinical nursing pathway for patients accepting kidney puncture biopsy.Methods:A total of 202 patients undergoing kidney puncture biopsy for identifying diagnosis were randomly divided into observation and control group, 101 cases each. Patients of control group were given traditional nursing mode. Patients of observation group accepted clinical nursing pathway mode.Then the hospital day,the cost of hospitalization, postoperative complications and adverse reactions of kidney puncture biopsy of all patients were observed and compared.Results:The hospital day and the cost of hospitalization of observation group patients were less than that of control group (P<0.05).Seven cases in observation group were with postoperative complications or adverse reactions.Among control group patients,45 cases were with postoperative complications or adverse reactions.There were statistical significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion:To carry out clinical nursing pathway management for patients accepting kidney puncture biopsy can shorten hospital day, reduce the medical cost and postoperative complications or adverse reactions for them.

　　Key words clinical nursing pathway; kidney puncture biopsy; complication;adverse reaction

　　临床护理路径(clinical nursing pathway，CNP)又称临床程序，是整体护理的一种工作方法，是针对某一疾病，以时间为横轴，以入院时的指导，接诊时的诊断、检查、治疗、护理、饮食指导、活动教育、出院计划等理想护理手段为纵轴，制成一个日程表[13]。肾穿刺活体组织检查是确诊肾脏疾病的重要手段之一，对于明确诊断、指导治疗和估计预后等方面具有重要意义[4]。但肾穿刺活体组织检查是创伤性检查，有一定的危险性。为减少肾穿刺活检术中、术后并发症及不良反应的发生，2007年3月—2009年3月我科将临床护理路径管理模式应用于肾穿刺活检术中，收到满意效果。现报告如下。

　　1 资料与方法

　　1.1 一

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