【摘要】 目的 分析系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)并发结核菌感染的临床特点，探讨护理及预防系统性红斑狼疮并发结核菌感染的有效方法。方法 分析我院自1991年1月～2005年1月共收治的426例SLE住院患者。结果 426 SLE患者中18例伴有结核，患病率为4.2%;死亡7例，病死率为38.9%。其中肺结核12例(66.7%)，结核性脑膜炎3例，淋巴结核3例，18例做结核菌试验(纯蛋白衍生物，PPD)强阳性2例(11.1%)，阴性16例(88.9%)，结核菌素试验阴性者明显高于正常人群。15例(83.3%)患者在应用免疫抑制剂6个月～3年内患结核。其次患者疾病，饮食，口腔卫生知识差异均与感染有关。结论 SLE患者由于长期服用免疫抑制剂，易发生结核菌感染且临床表现不典型。其患病率及病死率均明显高于普通人群。加强SLE患者感染的护理，能有效降低其感染的发生。改变饮食，卫生行为习惯，提高肺功能，增加疾病健康知识，是预防和减少SLE患者并发感染的一种有效途径。
【关键词】 系统性红斑狼疮;结核菌;感染;护理
Clinical features and nursing realization in SLE patients with infecting tuberculosis
HUA Jing，ZHANG Jie，ZHOU Wen-jie，et al.Department of Rheumatism，the NO.1 Hospital of Changzhou，the 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University，Jiangsu 213003,China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical features and effective measure of nursing in systemic lupus erythematosus with infecting tuberculosis.Methods The clinical data of all 426 hospitalized cases with systemic lupus erythematosus in our hospital from January 1991 to January 2005 were collected and analyzed.Results In 426 cases，18(4.2%)patients have infected tuberculosis and 7(38.9%)patients had died.There were 12(66.7%)patients with pulmonary tuberculosis，3 patients with tubercular meningitis and 3 patients with lymph tuberculosis.There were 2(11.1%)positive patients and 16(88.9%)negative patients in the 18 cases with the test of tubercle bacillus.From 6 months to 3 years，there were 15(83.3%)patients which have infected tuberculosis in 18 cases treated with immunity inhibitor.Conclusion The patients with SLE are easy to infect tuberculosis，the incidence rate and mortality of them were higher than normal.Strengthening nursing in SLE patients can reduce the infection effectively.
[Key words] systemic lupus erythematosus，tuberculosis，infection，nursing
系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus，SLE)是一种多系统损害、病因未明的自身免疫性疾病。近几年来，随着SLE疗效的大幅度提高，感染已经成为SLE主要的死亡病因(31%)[1]。我科对426例SLE患者分别实施护理干预，收到一定成效。现将护理体会总结如下。
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