[摘要] 目的 探讨妇科腹腔镜围术期的护理观察内容及对策。方法 对我院66例妇科腹腔镜手术病人采取术前、术后护理,合并症的观察及健康教育等。结果 66例患者术后恢复良好,取得满意效果,无严重并发症发生。结论 护理人员应了解手术理论知识、麻醉和手术方法、术前准备的要求、术后观察的要点、潜在并发症的预防,才能更好地完成腹腔镜手术的护理工作。护理人员应认识到心理护理的重要性,取得患者的合作,使手术后尽快康复,融洽医患关系,减少医患矛盾。
[关键词] 妇科腹腔镜;围术期;护理
Gynecologic laparoscopic surgery patients in peri-operative period of care:a report of 66 cases
XIE Jing-mei.Beijing Changping Hospital,Beijing 102200,China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the content and observation measures of peri-operative care in gynecological laparoscopy.Methods Sixty-six cases of patients take for gynecologic laparoscopic surgery will be given preoperative care,postoperative care,complications’ observation and health education.Results Sixty-six patients recovered well and the results are satisfactory,no serious complications happens.Conclusion Nurses should understand the theoretical knowledge of surgery,anesthesia and surgery methods,observation points during preoperative care,postoperative care and how to prevent potential complications,as we do that,we can better fulfill the laparoscopic surgery care.Nurses should be aware of the importance of psychological care to obtain the cooperation of patients,help them recover as soon as possible,harmonious doctor-patient relationship reduce contradictions.
[Key words] gynecological laparoscopy;peri-operative;care
腹腔镜手术是借助摄像系统、光源及器械进行操作的手术方式。在20世纪70年代应用于妇科腹部手术[1],具有手术切口小、损伤小、出血少、病人痛苦少、手术效果好、术后恢复快等优点[2]。我科自2005年完成腹腔镜手术66例,现将围术期的护理总结如下。
1 临床资料
1.1 一般资料 本组66例,年龄18~56岁,平均36.7岁;未产妇25例,经产妇41例;既往有手术史者12例。收治病种见表1。本组病例手术方式见表2。表1 本组手术病种分类
1.2 手术方法 采用气管插管全身麻醉,麻醉成功后患者取膀胱截石位,上举宫器,于脐窝上缘切口约10 mm,用刀柄分离皮下组织,将气腹针穿刺入腹腔内,充入CO2气体形成气腹,维持腹腔内压力于13~14 mm Hg,10 mm Trocar穿刺入腹腔,放入25°腹腔镜,电视下观察。改取头低臀高位,于下腹两侧麦氏点部位做第二、第三穿刺孔,分别插入10 mm、5 mm Trocar,放入手术操作器械,进行手术操作。
1.3 术中情况 术中出血10~300 ml,平均58.9 ml。全部手术均经腹腔镜下完成,无一例中转开腹。
1.4 术后情况 术后常规24 h内起床活动,6~48 h排气恢复正常饮食。输抗生素预防感染3~4天。住院时间3~8天,平均6.8天。66例病人
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