关节内注射川芎嗪对兔膝关节软骨退变的影响

　　表2 各组动物软骨组织Mankin评分(略)

　　Table 2 The Mankin grades of cartilage tissue in each group

　　2.3 透射电镜观察 正常组： 软骨细胞基本正常，细胞核略圆核内染色质分布均匀;细胞内可见到大量的粗面内质网，线粒体细长，游离核糖体、高尔基体及糖原颗粒可见到;细胞表面有一些短小的绒毛样突起伸向细胞周围的陷窝，其周围的基质中含有许多纤细的胶原纤维(图2a)。模型组：大部分软骨细胞明显肿胀，细胞表面的突起减少;细胞核形状不规则，核内染色质边集，电子密度增加;细胞质内多数细胞器溶解、消失，仅存的少量线粒体明显肿胀，内质网扩张成池样;细胞周围的胶原纤维减少，排列紊乱(图2b)。实验组：软骨细胞大部分正常，细胞呈椭圆形或梭形，细胞核内异染色质轻度边集，细胞内粗面内质网丰富，池内充满细颗粒样物质，线粒体轻度肿胀;细胞表面有较多的突起，细胞周围胶原纤维排列规则(图2c)。对照组：大部分软骨细胞呈退化改变，梭形细胞较少，细胞肿胀，表面有少量的突起;细胞核形状不规则，核内染色质边集，电子密度增加;线粒体明显肿胀，内质网扩张成池样(图2d)。

　　图1 各组膝关节软骨的病理变化情况(略)

　　Fig.1 The pathological changes of articular cartilage of the knee in each group (HE×100)

　　Normal group(a): The surface of the cartilage is smooth, the cartilage cell arranges regularly; there is no hyperplasty or hypertrophy of cartilage cells. The dyeing of matrix is even

　　Model group(b): Shallow fissures and local defections on the surface of the cartilage, the part cartilage cells dissolution. The tide line inordinate and partly disappears. Some pannus material forms

　　Experimental group(c): Synovium on surface, cartilage cells hypertrophied and tide line illegible; matrix metachromatic is not clear

　　Control group(d): The surface is rough, fissures and local defections can be found, the thickness of cartilage reduces, the tide line is inordinate, and the matrix is metachromitic

　　图2 各组膝关节软骨的电镜观察(略)

　　Fig.2 The EM observation of articular cartilage of the knee in each group (×5000)

　　Normal group(a): Normal cells and nucleus, the inner chromatin distribute even, mitochondrions, Golgi complex, glycogenosome, collagen fibers can be found. Villose on the surface of the cell

　　Model group(b): The cell tumid,the superficial prominences reduce or disappear, few cytoplasmic organelles and collagen fibers, the coarse endoplasmic reticulas extend to poolsh

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