摘要:目的:探讨股骨远端骨折手术治疗的方法和临床疗效。 方法 选择股骨远端骨折手术治疗37例,根据AO/ASIF分型,A型8例,B型9例,C型20例,分别采用股骨髁支持钢板、L-梯形钢板、逆行带锁髓内钉、拉力螺钉进行固定,术后随访6个月~8年。 结果 6例骨折不愈合、3例出现化脓性骨和膝关节感染、3例出现钢板断裂。根据Kolmenrt股骨远端功能评定标准,优17例,良14例,一般2例,差4例,优良率83.7%。 结论 手术治疗股骨远端骨折能最大限度获得骨折复位和膝关节功能的恢复,临床疗效满意,是治疗股骨远端骨折较理想的方法。
关键词: 股骨远端;骨折;手术;内固定
Surgical Treatment of Distal Femoral Fractures
JIANG Wei-ping,WEI Bing-dan,YANG Xiao-ming,XIAN Wei
(Department of Orthopaedic,the3rd Affiliated Hospital,Guangxi Medical University,Guangxi Nanning530031,China)
Abstract:Objective To investigate the surgical therapy and clinical results of the distal femoral fractures.Methods 37cases of distal femoral fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.According to the AO/ASIF classification,there were8cases type A fracture,9cases type B fracture,20cases type C fracture.37cas-es of distal femoral fractures were treated by condylar plate,L-plate,Retrograde intramedullary nail,tensile screws.The followed-up period varied from6months to96months.Results There were6non-union of fractures,3postop-erative infection and3plate breakage.According to Kolmenrt for distal femoral function,the result of the treatment was evaluated as excellent in17patients,good in14patients,fair in2patients and poor in4patients.The excellent rate was83.7%.Conclusion Surgical Treatment is good for the treatment of distal femoral fractures.
Key words:distal femur;fracture;surgical treament;internal fixation
股骨远端骨折,由于骨折位于膝关节内和邻近膝关节,骨折发生的同时常合并有膝关节结构损伤,保守治疗骨折难以达到理想的复位和固定、膝关节结构损伤的修复和进行早期功能锻炼。我们对37例行手术治疗资料完整的股骨远端骨折病例进行分析,总结如下。
1 临床资料
1.1 一般资料 本组37例,男32例,女5例;年龄16~61岁。开放性骨折12例,闭合性骨折25例。合并有前交叉韧带断裂2例,内侧副韧带损伤3例。8例属多发性骨关节损伤,其中合并同侧股骨中段骨折2例,同侧股骨颈骨折1例,同侧胫骨平台骨折2例,另侧股骨骨折1例,骨盆骨折1例,腰椎骨折、同侧肱骨骨折1例。7例属多发伤,其中合并颅脑损 伤2例,胸腹部脏器损伤5例。
1.2 骨折分型 按AO/ASIF分型[1] ,A型为关节外骨折,B型为部分关节内骨折,C型为完全关节内骨折,每型又根据骨折的严重程度分为A1、A2、A3、B1、B2、B3、C1、C2、C3各三个亚型。本组A型8例(A1型2例,A2型1例,A3型5例),B型9例(B2型5例,B3型4例)
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