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瑞芬太尼的临床应用近况 |
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相比,术后苏醒时间相同,呼吸抑制发生率更高(14%比6%)。因此,瑞芬太尼静脉输注用于术后镇痛时要进行严密的呼吸监测。心脏手术的应用[11]:心脏手术时0.5~1μg/(kg・min)可以有效抑制术中的应激反应。持续输注瑞芬太尼1μg/(kg・min)可以抑制劈胸骨时的应激反应。持续输注瑞芬太尼时,病人术后能很快苏醒和拔除气管导管。 3 总结 瑞芬太尼镇痛作用强,作用时间短,重复或持续输注无蓄积,故可根据麻醉深度和手术的需要快速而精确地调整给药剂量和速度;肝肾疾患病人苏醒无延迟;对血流动力学影响小;能较好地抑制气管插管及术中刺激所致应激反应,当剂量<5μg/kg时不导致机体释放组胺;瑞芬太尼常见的副作用有低血压、肌肉强直、恶心呕吐;局麻中或术后用于镇痛时易致呼吸抑制,应慎用,且需密切监测生命体征;用于全麻维持病人清醒后疼痛出现较早,需及时衔接采用其他镇痛方法。瑞芬太尼的诱导剂量一般为1~2μg/kg,维持输注速率为0.25~1μg/(kg・min)。总之,瑞芬太尼仍为目前较为理想的麻醉镇痛药,值得在临床麻醉中推广应用。 【参考文献】 1 Bailcy PL,Egan TD,Stanlcy TH.Intravenous opioid anesthetics.IN:Miller RD.Anesthesia,5th edition.Churechill Livingstone,2001,273-376. 2 Glass PS,Gan TJ,Howell S.A review of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of remifentanil.Anesth Analg,1999,89(4 suppl):S7-S14. 3 Glass PSA,Hardman D,Kaniyama Y,et al.Preliminary pharmacokineties and pharmacodynamics of an ultrashortacting opioid:remifentanil (GI187084B).Analg,1993,77:1031-1040. 4 黄宇光,罗爱伦.麻醉学.北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2000,20-25. 5 Schuttler J,Albrecsht S,Breivik H,et al.A comparison of remifentanil and alfentanil in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery.Anesthesia,1997,52:307-317. 6 Hogue CW,Bowdle TA,OLcary C,et al.A multicenter evaluation of total intravenous anesthesia with renifentanil and propofol for elective inpatient sugery.Anesth Analg,1996,83:297-285. 7 Mouren S,Dewinter G,Guerrero SP,et al.The contiuous recording of blood pressure in patients undergoing carotid surgery undor remifentanil versus sufentanil analgesia.Anesth Analg,2001,93(6):1402-1409. 8 Warner DS,Hindman BJ,Todd MM,et al.Intracranial pressure and hemodynamic effects of remifentanil versus alfentanil in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy.Anesth Analg,1996,83(2):348-353. 9 Philip BK,Scuderi PE,Chuang F,et al.Remifentanil coinpared with alfentanil for ambulatory surgery using total intravenous anesthesia.The Remifentanil/Alfent上一页 [1] [2] [3] [4] 下一页 上一个医学论文: BiPAP呼吸机临床应用现状 下一个医学论文: 重症胸外伤合并多器官功能障碍综合征的临床分析
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